NASA is currently testing an innovative sail system that uses solar energy to propel spacecraft through space. The world’s most advanced solar sail spacecraft began its journey on April 24, taking off on Rocket Lab’s Electron booster from Launch Complex 1 in Mahia, New Zealand as part of the Beginning Of The Swarm mission.
The NASA’s Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3) is a major advancement in space technology, with tension poles made from extremely light polymer composite materials and a special configuration for stowage to make the system lighter and more stable. The sail collects solar energy pressure to propel the spacecraft at high speeds, similar to a sailboat. The design made of flexible polymer composite materials, reinforced with carbon fiber, will be specifically tested in this project.
The tensioning poles of the solar sail act like sailboat masts, keeping the sails taut to collect solar energy. They fold compactly to overcome the challenge of fitting a large-scale sail into a rocket’s cargo compartment. Engineers use a pulling system to open the pole and hold the sail while onboard cameras record the process.
After the initial flight and subsystem testing period, ACS3 will spend multiple weeks testing its ability to raise and lower its orbit. If successful, NASA plans to scale up the design for interstellar travel.