In Vietnam, colorectal cancer is a common form of cancer that has seen an increasing trend in recent years. Several screening methods are available to detect this type of cancer, including stool tests. These noninvasive tests can help identify the presence of colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps in stool samples.
There are three main types of stool tests: fecal occult blood test (FOBT), fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and fecal DNA test. The FOBT detects hidden blood in a patient’s stool sample, which can be a sign of colorectal cancer. The FIT uses antibodies to detect blood in small stool samples collected at home. Stool DNA testing looks for abnormal DNA fragments released from cancer cells or polyps in the stool sample.
While colonoscopy is considered the “gold standard” for screening and diagnosing colorectal cancer, there are advanced endoscopic methods like submucosal dissection (ESD) and submucosal resection (EMR) that can effectively treat early-stage colorectal cancer without additional support. Early detection, appropriate treatment, and regular follow-up care are essential for improving the prognosis and quality of life for patients with colorectal cancer.
Risk factors for this type of cancer include obesity, red meat consumption, smoking, alcohol abuse, and lack of physical activity. Endoscopy can help detect and remove polyps to prevent colorectal cancer from developing further. It is important to consult with a doctor to determine the most appropriate screening method and develop an early treatment plan if suspected of having colorectal cancer.
Timely diagnosis and treatment greatly improve the chances of survival and quality of life for patients with colorectal cancer. By undergoing regular screenings and taking steps to reduce risk factors, individuals can catch this disease early on when it is more treatable and less likely to spread throughout the body.