A new study published on arXiv has provided strong evidence supporting the existence of Planet 9 in our solar system. Researchers from California Institute of Technology led by Konstantin Batygin, analyzed the motions of long-period objects that cross Neptune’s orbit and exhibit irregular trajectories. These objects are dynamically unstable, and the team explored two possible scenarios to explain their stability: interactions between the galactic tide and Neptune’s gravitational influence or dynamics induced by the hypothetical Planet 9.
The team found that the scenario involving Planet 9 results in a flat distribution of perihelion distances for the objects crossing Neptune, while the model without Planet 9 shows a distribution peaked around 30 AU. After adjusting for observational bias, the data strongly supports the existence of Planet 9 at a 5 sigma level of confidence on a scale of 6. This new evidence provides some of the strongest statistical support yet for the presence of Planet 9 in our solar system.
While researchers like Batygin are hopeful that future observatories such as Vera Rubin will help in locating it, there is no guarantee of detection. The search for Planet 9 continues, and this recent evidence has bolstered the case for its existence in the far reaches of our solar system.